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Serranilla Bank
Serranilla Bank ((スペイン語:Isla Serranilla'' or ''Banco Serranilla)) is a partially submerged reef, with small uninhabited islets, in the western Caribbean Sea. It is situated about northeast of Punta Gorda, Nicaragua, and roughly southwest of Jamaica.〔 The closest neighbouring land feature is Bajo Nuevo Bank, located to the east.
Serranilla Bank was first shown on Spanish maps in 1510. It is administered by Colombia as part of the department of San Andrés and Providencia.〔 (Armada de la República de Colombia: Forces and Commands ) — area is under the jurisdiction of Comando Específico de San Andrés y Providencia.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Mapa Oficial Fronteras Terrestriales y Maritima Convenciones ) An official map of Colombian borders, with treaty dates.〕 Although the bank is currently occupied by Colombia, it is subject to a sovereignty dispute involving Colombia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Jamaica and the United States.
== Geography ==
Serranilla Bank is a former atoll, now a mostly submerged carbonate platform consisting of shallow reef environments. It is about 40 km in length and 32 km in width, covering an area of over 1200 km2, almost entirely under water. Three small cays and two rocks emerge above the water to form the bank's islands. These are West Breaker, Middle Cay, East Cay, Beacon Cay and Northeast Breaker.〔(Sanandresislas ) — description and photographs of Serranilla Bank.〕 They are largely barren, with sparse vegetation of bushes and some trees. Most of the reef is drying and many shipwrecks are located in its vicinity.〔''Shipwrecks in the Americas'', Robert F. Marx. New York (1987), p414-17. ISBN 978-0-486-25514-9.〕
Beacon Cay is the largest islet in the Bank. It is overbuilt with small military facilities, which house a small rotating garrison of Colombian naval personnel. There is a lighthouse on a coral ledge in the southwest approach to the bank. It is a 33 m (108 ft) tall skeletal tower built atop a 3-storey crew residence. The lamp emits a focal plane beam of light as two white flashes every 20 seconds. The current lighthouse was first erected in 1982,〔 Legal status of the Banks of Serranilla and Bajo Nuevo, page 8.〕 and was reconstructed in May 2008 by the Colombian Ministry of Defence. It is currently maintained by the Colombian Navy, and overseen by the state's Maritime Authority.〔〔 Contract detail between Colombian Defense Ministry and private contractor, Tecnosoluciones Ltda, for the replacement of various metal lighthouse structures, including on Serranilla Bank.〕〔 Photographs of Colombian lighthouses, with Serranilla Bank shown, pages 4–5.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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